Cytologists had been studying chromosome behavior since the late 19th century. Why did it take until 1956 to figure out the correct human chromosome number, thanks to Joe Hin Tjio and Albert Levan?

In particular, it explains that humans have one fewer chromosome pair in their cells than apes, due to a mutation found in chromosome number 2 that caused two chromosomes to fuse into one.

Each human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes ... imprinted genes and an under-expression of maternal ones on chromosome 15. Children with this genetic disorder tend to be more hyperactive ...

Carnegie Mellon’s Joel McManus and Pitt’s Robert Nicholls received a $162,000 grant from the Foundation for Prader-Willi Research to study the regulation and function of a key gene that is usually ...

Even in metronome mammals, like platypuses and echidnas, XY chromosomes are ordinary. Within the last 166 million years, the ...